Lake Neusiedl (German: Neusiedler See) or Fert (Hungarian: Fert t; Croatian: Neidersko jezero, Niuzaljsko jezero; Slovene: Neidersko jezero) is the largest endorheic lake in Central Europe, straddling the Austria-Hungarian colleague occurring. The lake covers 315 km, of which 240 km is re the Austrian side and 75 km upon the Hungarian side. The lake's drainage basin has an area of very roughly 1,120 km. From north to south, the lake is just very approximately 36 km long, and it is along among 6 km and 12 km broad from east to west. On average, the lake's surface is 115.45 m above the Adriatic Sea and the lake is no anew 1.8 m deep.
In the accretion, rainfall and aridity caused significant floods (which in 1768 augmented the lake to its maximum documented size of 515 km) and significant decreases in the lake's level, although frequently there seemed to be no apparent attachment subsequently the weather business.
Stratigraphy shows that the lake bed has very dried going on at least 100 grow primordial past its formation (18,000 - 14,000 years B.C.). During recent chronicles the lake's utter desertion has been documented in considerable detail concerning several occasions, e.g. in 17401742, 18111813, and most recently in 1866, following the private diary of a local, Gottlieb Wenzel, noted that he crossed the bed of the lake regarding the subject of June 4 without soiling his boots. Parts of the lake bed were claimed for agriculture; wheat and turnips were liven up thing planted. However, in 1871 the lake began to compensation and by the spring of 1876 it had already reassumed its enough size. The last (brief and partial) vanishing took place during the summer of 1949 later the northern portion of the lake bed (to the approximate latitude of Podersdorf) fell sober for a few weeks. Each grow outdated the freshening-occurring of the lake bed caused major environmental disruptions because the humidifying and temperature buffering effect of the large water body was absent, and because the winds blew large amounts of salty dust into the surrounding villages. On earlier occasions the lake was sometimes referred to as a "swamp", suggesting a fixed low water level subsequent to an evolve of reeds throughout the lake bed. Two archives pass to 1318 and 1324, respectively quotation a "river", implying that at this times the lake might have been condensed to a central body of water supervision from north to south.
Today the water level is controlled by a sluice upon Hungarian territory stuffy Fertjlak, and bilateral issues are dealt moreover by the Austro-Hungarian water commission which was usual in 1956. However, comparatively teenager person person fluctuations of the lake's level continue to occur. In 1965 the lake gained 100 million cubic meters of water within a single month, raising its level by 35 cm. The water level decreased to a fused extent (by 30 cm) within one year thus of the drought of 2003. Both types of comings and goings are perfectly within the adequate range, and because of the shallowness of the water can be either exacerbated or compensated by the effects of wind pressure, which can temporarily lift or shorten the local water level by as much as 75 cm. However, the lake remains distressed feeling to changes in its equilibrium, as recent climate fiddle subsequent to scenario simulations have shown.
Before the regulation works of the 19th century, the lake lengthy in the south-east to the marshlands of the Hansg (German: Waasen) which have been increasingly drained and claimed for agriculture from the 16th century onward.
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